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Artemis Temple
This
temple is located 400 m from the Selcuk town center. THE
TEMPLE OF ARTEMIS which is one of the SEVEN WONDERS OF THE
WORLD has spread its fame throughout the world between the
years 334-250 B.C. It has been reconstructed seven times
due to plunder, earthquakes and fires. It used to be
surrounded by immense columns in Ionic order, yet today
there is nothing left except an altar The Temple was the
first and largest edifice built of marble. A part of the
ruins are exhibited in the British Museum in London while
the rest is exhibited in the Ephesus Museum in Vienna. The
existing temple belongs to the Hellenistic Period.
Scientists named it the 'Ephesus Artemis' Ephesians who
worshipped like the peoples of Monotheistic religions
believed that the power of many gods joined within
Artemis. The temple which had a height of 17,65 m in an
area of 105X55 m. has 127 columns. The altar is reached
after 13 steps. The statues in the temple were chosen
among many in contests.
A couple of priests were responsible for the management of
the temple. The male organs of these priests and the head
priests called Megabysos were gelded. Being a Megabysos
was very honorable. Their acolytes were virgins. Another
class of priests serving Artemis were the 'Curetes'.
According to Mythology, the Curetes were demigods known
for their closeness to Zeus. The Curetes stood by Zeus and
made noise when he gave birth to Dionysos from his leg so
that Hera would not hear: and when Leto was giving birth
to Artemis, they stood by her and helped her in the same
way. One of the most interesting features of the Temple of
Artemis is that it served as a bank. Accepting the
valuables offered as gifts at the temple and granting
credits from the budget of the temple were duties
performed by the Chief priest Megabysos. The Temple of
Artemis had some privileges. The most important of these
privileges was the right of immunity as long as one stayed
in the temple. This led many villains to gather at the
temple. There are beliefs that the worship of Artemis, the
temple of Artemis and the religious rites were established
on the foundation of the bee. The bee is the symbol of
Ephesus. This symbol is commonly used in the Ephesus coins
and statues. (accomodation in ephesus
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